For a system of independent, distinguishable particles that have only two quantum states with energies of 0 and e and degeneracies of g0 and g1, it can be shown that the molar heat capacity of such a system is given by: cv/n = rg1(be)2 exp(-be)/[1+exp(-be)]2. calculate this value for e = 404, 881, and 3685 cm-1 (the excitation energies of the 2p1/2 excited states of f, cl, and br, respectively) at t = 300 k.

where e is epsilon.

Neptune is the eighth planet from the sun. it was the first planet to get its existence predicted by  mathematical calculations  before it was actually seen through a telescope on sept. 23, 1846. irregularities in the orbit of  uranus  led french astronomer alexis bouvard to suggest that the gravitational pull from another celestial body might be responsible. german astronomer johann galle then relied on subsequent calculations to   spot neptune via telescope. previously, astronomer galileo galilei sketched the planet, but he mistook it for a star due to its slow motion. in accordance with all the other planets seen in the sky, this new world was given a name from greek and roman mythology — neptune, the roman god of the sea.