Abaseball with a mass of 148 g is thrown horizontally with a speed of 40.7 m/s (91 mi/h) at a bat. the ball is in contact with the bat for 1.05 ms and then travels straight back at a speed of 45.0 m/s (101 mi/h). determine the average force exerted on the ball by the bat.

The average force exerted on the ball by the bat is 606.09N.

Explanation:

The average force can be found using Newton's second law:

(1)

Where F is the force, m is the mass and a is the acceleration.

The acceleration can be determined using the equations for a Uniformly Accelerated Rectilinear Motion:

 (2)

Where is the final velocity, is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration and t is the time.

Then a will be isolated from equation 2:  

(3)

Replacing equation (3) in equation (1) it is gotten:  

(4)

The time will be expressed from milliseconds to seconds before using it in equation (4):

⇒

The mass will be expressed from grams to kilograms before using it in equation (4):

⇒

Replacing all those values in equation 4 it is gotten:  

But , therefore:

So, the average force exerted on the ball by the bat is 606.09N.

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