You are provided with three polarizers with filters making angles of (a) 90 ∘ , (b) 180 ∘ and (c) −45 ∘ with respect to the vertical. you want to maximize the transmission through the set of three polarizers. what order provides you with maximum transmission?

Order of maximum transmission of the polarizer is A, C and B.

Solution:

As per the question:

For the first polarizer, the angle is quite insignificant:

(A) :

The light intensity after passing through the first polarizer is and this intensity does not depend on the angle of the polarizer.

Consider with the vertical, the intensity is given by:

(B) :

Suppose the second polarizer is   with the vertical.

Now, intensity through the second polarizer:

Now, if we consider the second polarizer to be ,

(C) :

Now,

Intensity through the third polarizer, if it is with the vertical:

  the grams     of oxygen gas   that can be produced     is 20.6   grams of o₂

calculation

2liclo₃ →   2 licl + 3 o₂

step 1:   find the moles of liclo₃

moles = mass÷ molar mass

from periodic table the molar mass of liclo₃ =6.9 +35.5   +(16 x3) =90.4 g/mol

moles=38.7 g÷90.4 g/mol=0.4281   moles

step 2:   use the   mole ratio   to calculate the moles of o2

from equation above, liclo₃: o₂   is 2: 3  

therefore the moles of   o₂=0.4281 moles x3/2 =0.6422   moles

step 3: find mass   of o₂

mass= moles x molar mass

from periodic table the   molar mass of   o₂ = 16 x2= 32 g/mol

mass=0.6422   moles   x   32 g/mol = 20.6 grams of o₂

ice to water 1 water to vapour 2 latent heat