As a means of preventing ice formation on the wings of a small, private aircraft, it is proposed that electric resistance heating elements be installed within the wings. to determine representative power requirements, consider nominal flight conditions for which the plane moves at 80 m/s in air that is at a temperature of -23ºc. if the characteristic length of the airfoil is 2 m and wind tunnel measurements indicate an average friction coefficient of 0.0025 for the nominal conditions, what is the average heat flux needed to maintain a surface temperature of 5ºc?