A6000 kg space probe moving nose-first toward jupiter at 100 m/s relative to the sun fires its rocket engine, ejecting 80.0 kg of exhaust at a speed of 241 m/s relative to the space probe. what is the final velocity of the probe?

Explanation:

As we know that Probe along with rocket system is an isolated system

So here net force on this system must be zero

and we can use momentum conservation for this system

So we will have

here we know that

so we have

speed of light in vacuum is 300,000 km/s

speed of light in other mediums is given by the expression v = c/n, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and n is the refractive index of medium.

for the first medium v = 200,000 km/s

  so, refractive index of medium = 300000/200000 = 1.5

    1.5 refractive index is usually for glass. so first medium is glass.

for the second medium v = 250,00 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/250000 = 1.2

    1.2 refractive index is usually for water. so second medium is water.

for the third medium v = 0 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/0 = ∞

    ∞ refractive index is usually for opaque mediums. so third medium is opaque medium.