One of the most accurate atomic clocks is the hydrogen maser. this devise uses excited hydrogen molecules to duplicate 1.420-ghz microwave photons. in the maser, the molecules have only two states: the upper maser state and the lower maser state (which is actually the ground state). to keep the maser operating, an electromagnetic system constantly adds excited state hydrogen molecules to the maser and a pump constantly removes ground-state hydrogen molecules from the maser. why does the maser require a steady supply of new excited state molecules?
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One of the most accurate atomic clocks is the hydrogen maser. this devise uses excited hydrogen mole...
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