Two children, ferdinand and isabella, are playing with a waterhose on a sunny summer day. isabella is holding the hose in herhand 1.0 meters above the ground and is trying to spray ferdinand, who is standing 10.0 meters away. i know so far that she cannotspray ferdinand at the current position and with the curreentspeed of spray. i got stuck inthe following question: to increase the range of the water, isabella places her thumb on the hose hole and partially covers it. assuming that the flow remains steady, what fraction f of the cross-sectional area of the hose hole does she have to cover to be able to spray her friend? assume that the cross section of the hose opening is circular with a radius of 1.5 centimeters.

a skateboard rolling across the street - apex

bacteria that live on the ocean floor are sustained by phytoplankton. phytoplankton, microscopic marine photosynthetic organisms, have a vastly significant role to play not only in the marine food web of which they’re part of, but also on a more global scale. despite their infinitely small size in comparison to other marine organisms, these tiny creatures occupy an immensely important ecological niche: they are the foundation of the marine food web, and as primary producers, play key roles in supporting all other organisms in the marine environment, as well as in the regulation of the earth’s climate through the sequestration of carbon, oxygen production, and other related processes. phytoplankton account for roughly half of all global primary productivity; therefore, their significance extends far beyond the marine environment alone. there is an intriguing sense of irony in the realization that these tiny living beings that often live out their existence unnoticed and undetected by the rest of the world, have such a far-reaching impact on the lives of virtually all other living organisms on the planet, particularly on those in the marine environment. the world that we have become accustomed to has been and is continuously shaped by the workings of these miniscule yet vital “plants of the sea”.

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