We've seen that bees develop a positive charge as they fly through the air. when a bee lands on a flower, charge is transferred, and an opposite charge is induced in the earth below the flower. the flower and the ground together make a capacitor; a typical value is 0.60 pf. if a flower is charged to 30 v relative to the ground, a bee can reliably detect the added charge and then avoids the flower in favor of flowers that have not been recently visited approximately how much charge must a bee transfer to the flower to create a 30 v potential difference?

stands for electromotive force and it is measured in volts. despite its name, it is not actually the force in the sense of being a "pushing" or "pulling" (not measured in newtons).an equation that relates emf,  ℰ,  to a battery's terminal voltage, v, current, i, and internal resistance, r, is    ℰ = v + irin this case, the emf can be interpreted as a voltage—a difference in electric potential.i would not say that it would be considered an energy. if emf can be defined as the energy/work per a unit charge from a battery or other electric source, then it is not strictly energy.