In an internal combustion engine, air at atmostpheric
pressureand a temperature of about 20 degrees celcius is compressed
in thecylinder by a piston to 1/9 of its original volume
(compressionratio = 9.0). estimate the temperature of the
compressed air, assuming the pressure reaches 40 atm.

1302 K or 1029 C

Explanation:

Air at atmospheric pressure has pressure of 1 atm

20 C = 20 + 273 = 293 K

Assume ideal gas, according to the ideal gas law:

Where P1, V1 and T1 are the pressure, volume and temperature of the gas before the compression and P2, V2 and T2 are the pressure, volume and temperature of the gas after the compression

Since the gas is compressed to 1/9 of its original volume, V2/V1 = 1/9:

or 1029 C

answer: the exterior temperature of commercial jet planes as they leave the stratosphere and return to the ground increases steadily.

explanation:

the lower most layer of atmosphere is troposphere which extends from 0 to 12 km above the surface of the earth. the temperature initially decreases as distance is increased from the earth's surface. commercial jets fly in lower part of the stratosphere. the stratosphere extends upto 50 km. the temperature in stratosphere starts rising again due to presence of ozone which traps the uv rays.

thus, when the planes leave the stratosphere and return to the ground, the exterior temperature increases steadily.