Not everything in science is clear-cut, with obvious problems, experiments, theories, and solutions. sometimes scientists gather data
and evidence for which there is no apparent explanation
this was the case when early european astronomers recorded data of the planets' movements through the sky. while the stars.
moon, and sun all revolved around the earth in simplo, seemingly circular patters, the planets moved forward and backward in wild
loops, and no one know exactly why this happened.
this was until johannes kepler guessed that maybe the planets move around the sun, not in circular orbits, but in ellipses. this was
an idea that no one else had thought of, and when it was compared to recorded data, it proved to be correct
what does this example illustrate about the process of science?

a. science sometimes requires creativity

b. creative ideas are not useful in science

c. mathematical theories always lead to scientific theories

d. guessing should have no place in modern science