Psychology research on testing shows that students learn more when they are:
a. tested often and regularly to provide many opportunities to check their understanding of the material.
b. never tested on their knowledge since many students experience stress while test taking and there are better ways to assess their learning.
c. not tested but asked how well they know the material since their self-assessment is more accurate than a test.
d. only tested at the end of the semester so as to assess their knowledge from the entire course.