Oil of specific gravity 0.75 flows through a smooth contraction in a pipe at a volumetric flow rate of 3.2 cu ft / sec. Find the force required to hold the contraction in place. Indicate the direction of this force.

The force required to hold the contraction in place is 665.91 N ↑

Explanation:

Given;

specific gravity of oil, γ = 0.75

Volumetric flow rate, V 3.2 Ft³/s = 0.0906 m³/s

where;

is the density of oil

is the density of water = 1000 kg/m³

∴density of oil () = γ × density of water()

                               = 0.75 × 1000 kg/m³

                                = 750kg/m³

Buoyant Force = ρVg

                         = 750 × 0.0906 × 9.8

                         = 665.91 N ↑

This force acts upward or opposite gravitational force.

Therefore, the force required to hold the contraction in place is 665.91 N ↑

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