A. An isolated capacitor has air between its plates.
b. The capacitor is charged by a battery.
c. After the capacitor is charged, the battery is removed.
d. A dielectric slab k is then inserted between its plates.
e. Finally, the capacitor is discharged by bringing the two terminals close together, which causes a spark.

The Discharge spark will be:

i. The same as it would have been without the dielectric being inserted.
ii. Less energetic than it would have been without the dielectric being inserted.
iii. More energetic than it would have been without the dielectric being inserted.

kepler used the data from tycho blahe (his mentor) to construct the laws of planetary motion.

im sorry i dont know

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.

heats surface water up