A chlorine and bromine atom are adsorbed on a small patch of surface (see sketch at right). This patch is known to contain possible adsorption sites. The and bromine atoms have enough energy to move from site to site, so they could be on any two of them. Suppose the atom desorbs from the surface and drifts away. Calculate the change in entropy. Round your answer to significant digits, and be sure it has the correct unit symbol.

ΔS = - 3.74 × 10⁻²³ J/K = - 3.7 × 10⁻²³ to 2 s.f

Explanation:

The change in entropy for a system with changing allowable Microsystems is given as

ΔS = K In (W/W₀)

K = Boltzmann's constant = 1.381 × 10⁻²³ J/K

W₀ = initial number of microstates

To calculate this, how many ways can 2 atoms occupy 16 available microstates with order important?

That is, ¹⁶P₂ = 16!/(16 - 2)! = 16 × 15 = 240 microstates.

W = the number of microstates for Chlorine atom when Bromine atom desorps = 16 microstates.

ΔS = K In (W/W₀)

ΔS = (1.381 × 10⁻²³) In (16/240)

ΔS = (1.381 × 10⁻²³) × 2.7081

ΔS = - 3.74 × 10⁻²³ J/K

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.