Draw a straight line about 20 cm long across the paper about one-third down from the top. This will be the baseline. Draw another line perpendicular to the first line using the protractor. This second line will be normal, 90°, to the first line.

The drawing is attached

Explanation:

Using your ruler, draw a straight line of 20 cm. With the middle of the line as center and any radius on your protractor, draw an arc that cuts the line in both directions (q and r).Then with the point of intersections on the line as the center of your protractor, draw two other arcs above that would intersect at point P.

Draw a line from point P to O to get your perpendicular line, 90° from the 20cm line.

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scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.