1. (5 pts) (Inspired by 7.1) On May 1953, Tenzig Norgay and Edmund Hillary became the first humans to climb to the summit of Mount Everest (8850 m). Assume they each had a mass of 75 kg while climbing, plus each carried 20 kg of equipment and clothes. Climbing started from base camp (at 5335 m above sea level) and had to be gradual so their bodies could adjust to low air pressure. There were four stops before the summit was reached: camp 1 (6000 m), camp 2 (6400 m), camp 3 (7450 m), and camp 4 (7950 m). a) Compute the total energy each of the climbers had to spend for going from base camp to the summit. Provide your result in units of kilocalorie (1 kCal = 4184 J).

Which of the following are considered noble gases? a. bromine b. neon c. argon d. chlorine

Some material consisting of a collection of microscopic objects is kept at a high temperature. a photon detector capable of detecting photon energies from infrared through ultraviolet observes photons emitted with energies of 0.3 ev, 0.5 ev, 0.8 ev, 2.0ev, 2.5ev, and 2.8ev. these are the only photon energies observed. (a) draw and label a possible energy-level diagram for one of the microscopic objects, which has four bound states. on the diagram, indicate the transitions corresponding to the emitted photons. explain briefly. (b) would a spring–mass model be a good model for these microscopic objects? why or why not? (c) the material is now cooled down to a very low temperature, and the photon detector stops detecting photon emissions. next, a beam of light with a continuous range of energies from infrared through ultraviolet shines on the material, and the photon detector observes the beam of light after it passes through the material. what photon energies in this beam of light are observed to be significantly reduced in intensity (“dark absorption lines”)? explain briefly.

Is a copper wire a conductor or insulator?