Billy picks up a 40 lb. dumbbell (mass = 18.14 kg). The center of his hand, where the dumbbell is held, is 56 cm (0.56 m) from the axis of his elbow. If his biceps brachii muscle pulls at a line 5 cm (0.05) from the axis of the elbow, how much force must it pull with in order to maintain an isometric muscle action (i. e. static equilibrium)?

Asteel tube (k=50 w/mk) of inner and outer diameter di = 20mm and do=26mm, respectively, is used to transfer heat from hot gases flowing over the tube (h-hot = 200w/m2k) to cold water flowing through the tube (h-cold = 8000 w/m2k). what is the cold-side overall heat transfer coefficient uc? to enhance heat transfer 16 straight fins of rectangular profile are installed longitudinally along the outer surface of the tube. the fins are equally spaced around the circumference of the tube, each having a thickness of 2mm and a length of 15mm. what is the corresponding overall heat transfer coefficient uc? *solve for uc in both cases*