Consider a system of N non-interacting particles, each carrying a spin. The system is subjected to an external magnetic field. Each particle may exist in one of the two states with energies 0 and ε . Treat the particles as distinguishable.

You have a pick-up truck that weighed 4,000 pounds when it was new. you are modifying it to increase its ground clearance. when you are finished

The radius of an atom is closest in size to a

Global warming will produce rising sea levels partly due to melting ice caps but also due to the expansion of water as average ocean temperatures rise. to get some idea of the size of this effect, calculate the change in length (in m) of a column of water 1.45 km high for a temperature increase of 1.12°c. assume the column is not free to expand sideways. as a model of the ocean, that is a reasonable approximation, as only parts of the ocean very close to