Which one of the following equations correctly represents the process relating to the ionization energy of X?

A. X(s) X+(g)+e-
B. X2(g) X+(g)+X-(g)
C. X(g)+e- X-(g)
D. X-(g) X(g)+e-
E. (g) X+(g)+e-

The correct option is E. X(g) → X⁺(g) + e⁻

Explanation:

The electrons are attracted to the nucleus and it is necessary to provide energy to start them. Then the ionization energy is the energy necessary to pull an electron to a gaseous atom, isolated and in a fundamental state. The electrons in the last shell are the most weakly attracted to the nucleus, so these are the lost electrons.

In this way, the gaseous element is converted to a gaseous cation (positively charged ion).

Taking this definition into account, the correct option is E. X(g) → X⁺(g) + e⁻

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