Water accelerated by a nozzle to 35 m/s strikes the vertical back surface of cart moving horizontally at a constant velocity of 10 m/s in the flow direction. The mass flow rate of water through the stationary nozzle is 30 kg/s. After the strike, the water stream splatters off in all directions in the plane of the back surface. (a) Determine the force that needs to be applied by the brakes of the cart to prevent it from accelerating. (b) If the mass of the cart is 450 kg and the brakes fail, determine the acceleration of the cart when the water first strikes it. Assume the mass of water that wets the back surface is negligible.

a) The brake force = -535.7N

b) acceleration = - 1.2m/s^2

Explanation: Please find the attached files for the solution.

Is a  vector quantity  that refers to "the rate at which an object changes its position." imagine a person moving rapidly - one step forward and one step back - always returning to the original starting position. while this might result in a frenzy of activity, it would result in a zero velocity. because the person always returns to the original position, the motion would never result in a change in position. since velocity is defined as the rate at which the position changes, this motion results in zero velocity. if a person in motion wishes to maximize their velocity, then that person must make every effort to maximize the amount that they are displaced from their original position. every step must go into moving that person further from where he or she started. for certain, the person should never change directions and begin to return to the starting position.