3. A 500 kg car and a 1000 kg truck are both moving at 5 m/s.
a. What is the ratio of their momentum and why?

The ratio of momentum is 1:2 since the velocity is constant and mass is of ratio 1:2

Explanation:

Given

mass of car = 500 kg

mass of truck = 1000 kg

velocity of car = velocity of truck = v = 5 m/s

momentum of car = ?

momentum of truck = ?

We know that the momentum is given by: p = mv , where m is mass and v is velocity.

momentum of car =  x v = 500 x 5 = 2500 kg.m/s

momentum of  truck =  x v = 1000 x 5 = 5000 kg.m/s

The ratio of momentum =

                                        =

                                        = = 1:2

Here we infer that the ratio is 1:2. This is because momentum value depends on mass and velocity of body. In given problem velocity is constant. Hence depends only on mass. The ratio of mass is 1:2 and so the ratio of momentum.

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c) both a and b.