An object becomes charged due to an excess or deficiency (shortage) of electrons. Knowing the exact number of excess or deficient electrons in an object allows one to determine the object's charge. The charge of one electron is 1.6x10-19 C. Use this to determine the charge of the following objects.
a. 1.0 x 103 excess electrons
b. 1.0 x 106 deficient electrons
c. 2.0 x 109 excess electrons
d. 2.5 x 108 deficient electrons
e. 6.82 x 1012 excess electrons