How is Earth's surface most likely to change in a cold place that experiences rainfall?

Soil will loosen due to extensive network of tunnels.
Rocks will break due to repeated abrasion and stress.
Mounds of sand will form due to deposition of sediments.
Cracks will appear in rocks due to freezing and thawing.

Emmy kicks a soccer ball up at an angle of 45° over a level field. she watches the ball's trajectory and notices that it lands, two seconds after being kicked, about 20 m away to the north. assume that air resistance is negligible, and plot the horizontal and vertical components of the ball's velocity as a function of time. consider only the time that the ball is in the air, after being kicked but before landing. take "north" and "up" as the positive ‑ and ‑directions, respectively, and use ≈10 m/s2 for the downward acceleration due to gravity.