Recall how Newton's investigation of light followed one form of the scientific method. Match the statements about Newton's
experiment with the steps in the scientific method.

Some material consisting of a collection of microscopic objects is kept at a high temperature. a photon detector capable of detecting photon energies from infrared through ultraviolet observes photons emitted with energies of 0.3 ev, 0.5 ev, 0.8 ev, 2.0ev, 2.5ev, and 2.8ev. these are the only photon energies observed. (a) draw and label a possible energy-level diagram for one of the microscopic objects, which has four bound states. on the diagram, indicate the transitions corresponding to the emitted photons. explain briefly. (b) would a spring–mass model be a good model for these microscopic objects? why or why not? (c) the material is now cooled down to a very low temperature, and the photon detector stops detecting photon emissions. next, a beam of light with a continuous range of energies from infrared through ultraviolet shines on the material, and the photon detector observes the beam of light after it passes through the material. what photon energies in this beam of light are observed to be significantly reduced in intensity (“dark absorption lines”)? explain briefly.

An owl dives toward the ground with a constant velocity of 4.40 m/s at 53.0° below the horizontal. the sun is directly overhead and casts a shadow of the owl directly below it. what is the speed (in m/s) of its shadow on level ground?

Abatter hits a 0.140-kg baseball that was approaching him at 30 m/s and, as a result, the ball leaves the bat at 40 m/s in the reverse of its original direction. the ball remains in contact with the bat for 2.0 ms. what is the magnitude of the average force exerted by the bat on the ball?