Suppose a large power plant generates electricity at 12.0 kV. Its old transformer once converted this voltage to 315 kV. The secondary coil of this transformer is being replaced so that its output can be 730 kV for more efficient cross-country transmission on upgraded transmission lines.

Randomized Variables

Vi = 315 kV

V2 = 730 kV

(a) What is the ratio of turns in the new secondary to the number of turns in the old secondary?

(b) What is the ratio of new current output to the old current output for the same power input to the transformer?

Explanation:

12.0 kv primary voltage

315 kv secondary voltage ( converted voltage ) V1 or Vo

v2 (Vn)= 730 kv new secondary voltage

a) Ratio of turns in 730 kv to turns in 315 kv

=  therefore the ratio of turns = 2.317 ≈ 2.32

B) ratio of the new current output to the old current output for the same power input to the transformer

since the power input is the same

    equation 1

Vp = primary voltage, Vo = old secondary voltage, Vn = new secondary voltage, In = new secondary current, Io = old secondary current

therefore equation 1 becomes

=  315 / 730 = 0.43

air exerts forces on falling objects near earth’s surface.

explanation:

the term 'free falls' refer to object that are falling towards the earth, in a situation in which gravity is the only force acting on the object.

for an object in free fall, the acceleration is constant (g, the gravitational acceleration), and so the velocity of the object constantly increases.

for objects near earth's surface, there is always another force acting on the object: the resistance due to the air. this force is opposed to the direction of fall of the object, and it is proportional to the velocity of the object, so as the object falls down, this force increases up to a point when it balances the force of gravity, and the object continues its motion at constant velocity (called terminal velocity). since in this case gravity is not the only force acting on the object, we are not in a situation of free fall.