The entropy of steam increases in actual steam turbines as a result of irreversibilities. In an effort to control entropy increase, it is proposed to cool the steam in the turbine by running cooling water around the turbine casing. It is argued that this will reduce the entropy and the enthalpy of the steam at the turbine exit and thus increase the work output.

How would you evaluate this proposal?

The proposal is not accepted because of greater reduction in work output and efficiency

Explanation:

The following factors influence the turbine output with the suggestion below

1 - Enthalpy at the turbine exit

2 - Heat losses in the turbine

The work output of the steam turbine is

Where,

m is the mass of thee steam flowing through the turbine,

h₁ is the specific enthalpy of the steam leaving the turbine, and

is the heat loss from the turbinee due to the cooking water.

Enthalpy at the turbine exit; on cooling the turbine with the cooling water, the beck pressure of the turbine is decrease.

this further decrease the specific enthalpy at the turbine exit.

the result is greater reduction in the work output and efficiency,

Heat losses in water in the turbine;

On passing the cooking water around the turbine mst of the heat is carried away by this cooliing water. As the heat losses increases in the turbine, there is a greater reduction in the work output and efficiency.

Therefore, The proposal is not accepted because of greater reduction in work output and efficiency

electromagnetic shielding is the practice of reducing the electromagnetic field in a space by blocking the field with barriers made of conductive or magnetic materials. shielding is typically applied to enclosures to isolate electrical devices from their surroundings, and to cables to isolate wires from the environment through which the cable runs. electromagnetic shielding that blocks radio frequency electromagnetic radiation is also known as rf shielding.

the shielding can reduce the coupling of radio waves, electromagnetic fields and electrostatic fields. a conductive enclosure used to block electrostatic fields is also known as a faraday cage. the amount of reduction depends very much upon the material used, its thickness, the size of the shielded volume and the frequency of the fields of interest and the size, shape and orientation of apertures in a shield to an incident electromagnetic

from wikipedia