A 6,000-km undersea glass fiber phone line crosses the Atlantic ocean connecting the US and France. (a) How long does it take for a message to transverse this link? (b) How long does it take for a message to travel from US to France by using a satellite link? The satellite is stationed about 22,000 miles above the earth between the US and France. (c) Will two people having a conversation across these two different links notice the travel delays?

Explanation:

Message will travel through the fibre at the speed of 3 x 10⁸ m /s which is also the speed of light .

a ) Time for a message to travel from US to France by using glass fibre  link

time  = distance / speed

= 6000 x 1000 / 3 x 10⁸

= .02 s .

b )

22000 miles = 1.6 x 22000

= 35200 km

Time for a message to travel from US to France by using a satellite link

time = distance / velocity

 distance = 2 x √ ( 35200² + 3000² )

=  2 x 35327 km

= .7 x 10⁸ m .

time = .7 x 10⁸ / 3 x 10⁸

= .233 s

c )

Difference of time = .233 - .02

= .213 which is more than 1/6 s for which effect of hearing stays in the brain , which is called persistence of vision .  So they will be heard as different sounds.

as we know our atmosphere or air have different levels. every level has other gasses, and every gas has another permeability. when the light comes from lower permeability to higher permeability, it changes its direction. so that means that when the light comes from the moon to the earth, it changes it's direction many more times. it basically means that the shape of the light part of the moon is changed on the earth.

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