Where does the energy to turn a flashlight on come from

Electrical energy is the energy of electricity—electrical charges moving through a conductor. Electricity can be transported through wires to places where it is needed and then converted into other forms. In a flashlight, the electrical energy becomes light energy and thermal energy in the bulb.

Explanation:

the independent variable, the one that is intentionally manipulated, is whether or not the car hits the barrier.

the dependent variable, the one that you measure the response in, is the distance that the washers travel.