In a science experiment showing the splitting of water into Oxygen and hydrogen, two inverted test tubes of water were placed over the site of the reaction. (see the pic) How can you tell which one was catching the oxygen and which one was catching the hydrogen?

A. The hydrogen is a positive ion and will be located close to the negative terminal of the battery.

B. The oxygen is a negative ion which will be located next to the negative terminal of the battery.

C. There are 2 hydrogen atoms for every oxygen atom. The hydrogen will take up more space and is pushing the water lower in the test tube.

D. The hydrogen, being a smaller atom, will take up less space than the oxygen. It will push the water down less.

Aheat engine running backward is called a refrigerator if its purpose is to extract heat from a cold reservoir. the same engine running backward is called a heat pump if its purpose is to exhaust warm air into the hot reservoir. heat pumps are widely used for home heating. you can think of a heat pump as a refrigerator that is cooling the already cold outdoors and, with its exhaust heat qh, warming the indoors. perhaps this seems a little silly, but consider the following. electricity can be directly used to heat a home by passing an electric current through a heating coil. this is a direct, 100% conversion of work to heat. that is, 19.0 \rm kw of electric power (generated by doing work at the rate 19.0 kj/s at the power plant) produces heat energy inside the home at a rate of 19.0 kj/s. suppose that the neighbor's home has a heat pump with a coefficient of performance of 4.00, a realistic value. note: with a refrigerator, "what you get" is heat removed. but with a heat pump, "what you get" is heat delivered. so the coefficient of performance of a heat pump is k=qh/win. an average price for electricity is about 40 mj per dollar. a furnace or heat pump will run typically 200 hours per month during the winter. what does one month's heating cost in the home with a 16.0 kw electric heater? what does one month's heating cost in the home of a neighbor who uses a heat pump to provide the same amount of heating?