A popular physics lab involves a hand generator and an assortment of wires with different values of resistance. In the lab, the leads of the generator are connected across each wire in turn. For each wire, students attempt to turn the generator handle at the same constant rate. Students must push harder on the handle when the leads of the generator are connected. This is because turning the handle at a given constant rate produces , regardless of what is connected to the leads. So, when turning the handle at a constant rate, lab students must push harder in cases where there is