Inexperienced physics teachers often demonstrate the use of the electroscope by touching it with a charged glass rod at a single point. More experienced teachers typically drag the length of the rod across the top of the electroscope to increase the desired effect. Why does this help

This is because The glass rod of the electroscope is an insulator therefore only charge transferred to the ball is at the point of contact on the rod. Thus, When the charge rod is dragged across the top of the electroscope, by the experienced teacher the more charge is transferred to electroscope thereby producing a greater effect

an energy transformation flow diagram is shown

where is it ?

a. are