what dangers higher voltages have for humans whose resistance changes depending on hand lotion, rubber gloves, other types of gloves etc.

Higher voltages pose huge dangers to humans with changes in resistance however, the use of hand lotion and rubber gloves help to reduce the amount of current flowing through the human. Notwithstanding higher currents can lead to death by stopping blood flow to the heart causing a heart attack. Best way to survive voltages above 120 volts is to use a rubber glove and avoid touching bare wires.

Explanation:

Other classes of gloves that can be used include:  Class 1 gloves which can be used for current up to 7,500 volts of AC, Class 2 up to 17,000 volts AC, Class 3 up to 26,500 volts AC, and Class 4 up to 36,000 volts AC. However, cotton gloves can be used inside to absorb perspiration and to improve the comfort of the user.

what experimental evidence led scientists to change from the previous model to this one?

a few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.

the colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.

experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions.

cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.