2. How have human activities and natural processes influenced the gradual or sudden change in global temperature? (You need a minimum of 5 complete sentences.)

Human activities and natural processes have influenced the change in the global temperature by the following processes

1) Green house gas such as carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases produced by the combustion of fossil fuels the use of  industrial chemicals, the production of coal, and natural gas

2) Deforestation which reduces the natural process of conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen, thereby, increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

3) The accumulation of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere results in the trapping of heat in the atmosphere, causing the atmospheric temperature to rise

4) Changes in the amount of energy produced by the Sun can result in an increase or decrease in the atmospheric temperature

5) Volcanic activity that occurs at a sufficiently large scale can produce sulfur dioxide that blocks the rays of the Sun from reaching the Earth, resulting in a change of atmospheric temperature.

Explanation:

speed of light in vacuum is 300,000 km/s

speed of light in other mediums is given by the expression v = c/n, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and n is the refractive index of medium.

for the first medium v = 200,000 km/s

  so, refractive index of medium = 300000/200000 = 1.5

    1.5 refractive index is usually for glass. so first medium is glass.

for the second medium v = 250,00 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/250000 = 1.2

    1.2 refractive index is usually for water. so second medium is water.

for the third medium v = 0 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/0 = ∞

    ∞ refractive index is usually for opaque mediums. so third medium is opaque medium.