During power cut Sonia's mother lit up a candle. Innocently her, 3 year daughter kept one hand very nearer above the flame. Quickly she was caught and moved at a safe distance by her elder sister Namitha. What is the scientific name of the process by which heat travelled from candle towards daughter's hand

Radiation

Explanation:

Heat is a form of energy that flows due to temperature difference. It can be transferred either by conduction, convection or radiation.

Conduction mainly take place in solids, convection in fluids (liquids and gases), while radiation takes place in gases.

Radiation is a process of heat transfer from the source to a detector without heating the intervening medium. It do not require material medium for its propagation.

Thus, the process by which heat traveled from the candle towards the daughter's hand is called radiation.

answer: the correct answer is 1.

explanation: there are various process in which a radioactive nuclei decays:

1) alpha decay: in this process, a heavier nuclei decays into lighter nuclei by releasing alpha particle. the mass number is reduced by 4 units.

2) electron capture: in this decay process, a parent nuclei absorbs an electron and gets converted into a neutron. simply, a proton and an electron combines together to form a neutron. mass number does not change in this process.

3) gamma ray emission: it is a decay process in which an unstable nuclei gives excess energy by a spontaneous electromagnetic process. this decay releases . this process does not change the mass number.

4) positron emission: it is a type of decay process, in which a proton gets converted to neutron and an electron neutrino. this is also known as -decay. in this the mass number remains same.

from the above information, we see that only alpha-decay is producing a change in the mass number of the nucleus.

uranium fissions/breaks up giving out energy and neutrons