A child in a boat throws a 6-kg package horizontally to the right with a speed of 8 m/s. Assume the boat is initially at rest, the mass of the child is 30 kg and the mass of the boat
is 60 kg. Assume no air resistance. Calculate the velocity of the boat with the child.

0.5 m/s

Explanation:

Using conservation of momentum, P1=P2, the system starts off with zero momentum as nothing is moving. But in the second part of the equation(P2) the child throws the package to the right. By Newton's third law, the child and the boat should move to the left. Plugging in what we know, 0= -90v + 6kg*8m/s. Solving for v you will get 0.5 meters per second. The mass is 90kg as that the is mass of the child and boat combined. I also made it negative as the boat and child move left (I designated this as the negative direction) and the package's momentum is positive as it is moving to the right.

whichever one it is, it's definitely not one that you included on the list you provided.

relativism, roughly put, is the view that truth and falsity, right and wrong, standards of reasoning, and procedures of justification are products of differing conventions and frameworks of assessment and that their authority is confined to the context giving rise to them. more precisely, “relativism” covers views which maintain that—at a high level of abstraction—at least some class of things have the properties they have (e.g., beautiful, morally good, epistemically justified) not simpliciter, but only relative to a given framework of assessment (e.g., local cultural norms, individual standards), and correspondingly, that the truth of claims attributing these properties holds only once the relevant framework of assessment is specified or supplied. relativists characteristically insist, furthermore, that if something is only relatively so, then there can be no framework-independent vantage point from which the matter of whether the thing in question is so can be established.

relativism has been, in its various guises, both one of the most popular and most reviled philosophical doctrines of our time. defenders see it as a harbinger of tolerance and the only ethical and epistemic stance worthy of the open-minded and tolerant. detractors dismiss it for its alleged incoherence and uncritical intellectual permissiveness. debates about relativism permeate the whole spectrum of philosophical sub-disciplines. from ethics to epistemology, science to religion, political theory to ontology, theories of meaning and even logic, philosophy has felt the need to respond to this heady and seemingly subversive idea. discussions of relativism often also invoke considerations relevant to the very nature and methodology of philosophy and to the division between the so-called “analytic and continental” camps in philosophy. and yet, despite a long history of debate going back to plato and an increasingly large body of writing, it is still difficult to come to an agreed definition of what, at its core, relativism is, and what philosophical import it has. this entry attempts to provide a broad account of the many ways in which “relativism” has been defined, explained, defended and criticized.

explanation: