James Bond (007) runs from the front to the back of an aircraft carrier at a velocity of 3.15 m/s S. If the aircraft carrier is moving forward at 31.0 m/s N, how fast does Bond appear to be running when viewed by an observer on a nearby stationary submarine?

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  27.85 m/s

Explanation:

If we take the direction of motion of the aircraft carrier as positive, The speed of the deck is 31.0 m/s. Bond is running in the opposite direction, so his speed relative to the deck is -3.15 m/s.

Bond's speed relative to the stationary reference (the sub or the water), is ...

  31.0 m/s - 3.15 m/s = 27.85 m/s

this is an example of "committed" time.

committed time, as contracted time, takes need over essential and available time since it is seen as profitable work. it alludes to the time allotted to keep up a home and family. at the point when a man is commuting using committed time this individual may feel that the drive is an obligation to family, for example, strolling youngsters to class or driving a mate to work. contracted and committed time clients may feel that their commute could really compare to the commute of important or leisure time clients on the grounds that their commute is profitable work. in this manner, they might be more disposed to pick a mechanized method of movement.