Impact extinction 65 million years ago over 50% of all species became extinct, ending the reign of dinosaurs and opening the way for mammals to become the dominant land vertebrates. A theory for this extinction, with considerable supporting evidence, is that a 10-km-wide 1.8×1015kg asteroid traveling at speed 11 km/s crashed into Earth. A) Determine the change in velocity of Earth due to the impact. Mass of Earth is 5.98×1024kg.

B) Determine the average force that Earth exerted on the asteroid while stopping it. Assume that stopping distance is 0.60 km (depth of the crater created)

C) Determine the internal energy produced by the collision (a bar chart for the process might help). By comparison, the atomic bombs dropped on Japan during World War II were each equivalent to 15,000 tons of TNT (1 ton of TNT releases 4.2×109J of energy).