A light wave passes through an aperture (that is, a narrow slit). When it does so, the degree to which the wave spreads out will be...

Explanation:

Single slit diffraction

Diffraction is the phenomenon of spreading out of waves as they pass through an aperture or around objects. Diffraction occurs when the size of the aperture or obstacle is of the same order of magnitude as the wavelength of the incident wave. For very small aperture sizes, the vast majority of the wave is blocked. in case of  large apertures the wave passes by or through the obstacle without any significant diffraction.

the motion of a pendulum is a classic example of mechanical energy conservation. a pendulum consists of a mass (known as a bob ) attached by a string to a pivot point. as the pendulum moves it sweeps out a circular arc, moving back and forth in a periodic fashion.