Select all the correct answers. Suppose a team of astronomers recently discovered a solar system similar to our own, but in an earlier stage of
development. Based on how the planets of our solar system formed, which two observations would you expect the
astronomers to make?

- dense, rocky objects near the central star
- thick clouds of liquid helium orbiting near the central star
- planetesimals orbiting in different directions around the central star
- clusters of rock loosely held together by gravity
- the rate of rotation slowing down for all objects

Heena wants to measure the volume of a ball that is 24 cm across. how should she set up her equation?

Which is not a characteristic of a heat pump? a. it is used in air conditioners. b. it uses a refrigerant. c. it requires no work. d. it reverses the normal flow of thermal energy.

The particle in a two-dimensional well is a useful model for the motion of electrons around the indole ring (3), the conjugated cycle found in the side chain of tryptophan. we may regard indole as a rectangle with sides of length 280 pm and 450 pm, with 10 electrons in the conjugated p system. as in case study 9.1, we assume that in the ground state of the molecule each quantized level is occupied by two electrons. (a) calculate the energy of an electron in the highest occupied level. (b) calculate the frequency of radiation that can induce a transition between the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied levels. 9.27 electrons around the porphine ring (4), the conjugated macrocycle that forms the structural basis of the heme group and the chlorophylls. we may treat the group as a circular ring of radius 440 pm, with 20 electrons in the conjugated system moving along the perimeter of the ring. as in exercise 9.26, assume that in the ground state of the molecule quantized each level is occupied by two electrons. (a) calculate the energy and angular momentum of an electron in the highest occupied level. (b) calculate the frequency of radiation that can induce a transition between the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied levels.