Many novice speakers end up self-sabotaging their speechmaking efforts because they do not follow through with the tools they learn about how to be successful public speakers. There are many tools and strategies to set speakers up for success yet because of procrastination, poor preparation, communication apprehension, and inadequate skills many speakers find themselves disappointed with their speech because the proper steps weren't taken to put the tools and strategies to work for them. Which of the follow was not a strategy for speakers to be successful delivering their messages. -Develop stress management techniques to deal with the anxiety before, during, and after a speech. Speakers need to have effective coping strategies for managing stress as public speakers.

-Preparation including taking notes or creating an outline as a structure to follow during their speech.

-Continue to work developing the skills, strategies, and other mechanisms to effectively communicating their message to their audience.

-Procrastination is just a part of everyday life and whether it is public speaking or job interviewing, people need to just realize everyone is unprepared.

-Rehearsing the speech: Practice, Practice, practice is maybe one of the easiest and reliable ways to ensure success for public speaking.