The protons in a nucleus are approximately 2 ✕ 10−15 m apart. Consider the case where the protons are a distance d = 2.03 ✕ 10−15 m apart. Calculate the magnitude of the electric force (in N) between two protons at this distance.

Acommercial refrigerator with refrigerant-134a as the working fluid is used to keep the refrigerated space at -35°c by rejecting waste heat to cooling water that enters the condenser at 18°c at a rate of 0.25 kg/s and leaves at 26°c. the refrigerant enters the condenser at 1.2 mpa and 50°c. if the compressor consumes 3.3 kw of power, determine (a) the mass flow rate of the refrigerant, (b) the refrigeration load, (c) the cop, and (d) the minimum power input to the compressor for the same refrigeration load.