Which moves more: the air molecules or the energy of the sound?

A sound wave can be affected by a lot of different variables. As an audio engineer some of the more common things we deal with involve air temperature, humidity and even wind. The first two affect the speed at which the wave travels, while wind can actually cause a phase like effect if it is blowing hard enough. Another big one though not directly related to the air is walls and other solid objects that cause the sound wave to bounce off of them and reflect. This causes a secondary wave that isn’t as strong as the first wave but is the cause of “muddy” sounding venues when you are indoors.

Explanation:

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