How can you cause a substance to turn from a solid to a liquid or from a liquid to a gas? Help

Write a full page that sumerizes thermodynamics it’s from the website visionlearnig

Two steel balls, each of mass m, are welded to a light rod of length l and negligible mass and are initially at rest on a smooth horizontal surface. a horizontal force of magnitude f is suddenly applied to the rod as shown. determine (a) the instantaneous acceleration a of the mass center g and (b) the corresponding rate at which the angular velocity of the assembly about g is changing with time.

To understand the behavior of the electric field at the surface of a conductor, and its relationship to surface charge on the conductor. a conductor is placed in an external electrostatic field. the external field is uniform before the conductor is placed within it. the conductor is completely isolated from any source of current or charge. part a: which of the following describes the electric field inside this conductor? it is in the same direction as the original external field.it is in the opposite direction from that of the original external field.it has a direction determined entirely by the charge on its surface.it is always zero. part b: the charge density inside the conductor is: 0non-zero; but uniformnon-zero; non-uniforminfinite part c: assume that at some point just outside the surface of the conductor, the electric field has magnitude e and is directed toward the surface of the conductor. what is the charge density η on the surface of the conductor at that point? express your answer in terms of e and ϵ0