What is the difference between sodium atom and a sodium ion

In a hydrogen molecule there are a total of four charges, 2 protons in the two nuclei, and 2 electrons. how many unique charge-pairs are there (without double counting)?

In the united states, tornadoes generally occur because of the freezing of ocean water underwater earthquakes meeting of cool and warm air masses shifting of warm and cool ocean currents

1which body contains the majority of the mass in the solar system earth jupiter the moon the sun 2 what keeps the objects in the solar system such as planets orbiting around the sun the force of gravity the galaxy exerts on all objects within it including the solar system the great distance between the sun and the planets the sun's nuclear fusion which acts on each object the gravitational force between the sun and each object in the solar system