What is the imaginary line around earth called?

Use the right-hand rule for magnetic force to determine the charge on the moving particle. this is a charge.

When is a current produced? when the terminals of an electrochemical cell are connected by a wire if the electric circuit is opened in an electrochemical cell if the electrolyte is removed from an electrochemical cell when the electrodes are reversed in an electrochemical cell

Two 2.0-cm-diameter disks face each other, 1.0 mm apart. they are charged to ±10 nc. what is the electric field strength between the disks? a proton is shot from the negative disk toward the positive disk. what launch speed must the proton have to just barely reach the positive disk?