You observe a distant galaxy. you find that a spectral line normally found in the visible part of the spectrum is shifted toward the infrared. what do you conclude?

Ahypothesis is? close agreement by competent observers of observations of the same phenomena. a guess that has been tested over and over again and always found to be true. an educated guess that has yet to be proven by experiment. the long side of a right triangle. a synthesis of a large collection of information that includes guesses.

Alinearly polarized electromagnetic wave has an average intensity of 196 w/m^2. this wave is directed towards two ideal polarizers (in real polarizers, transmission is also effected by reflection and absorption). polarizer a is oriented with its transmission axis at an angle of θ_1=20.8∘ with the incident electric field. polarizer b has its axis at an angle of θ_2=63.0∘ with the incident electric field. what is the average intensity of the wave after it passes through polarizer a? what is the average intensity of the wave after it passes through polarizer b? suppose that the two polarizers a and b are interchanged. what would the average intensity be after passing through both polarizers?

Which type of basaltic lava flow has a fairly smooth