Imagine that you are observing the region of space where a cloud of gas and dust is beginning to collapse inward to form a star (the object that initially forms in this process is called a protostar). Will the atoms in the collapsing cloud move away from one another, move closer to one another, or stay at the same locations? 2) What physical interaction, or force, causes the atoms to behave as you described they would in Question 1?

russian is not my first language, so i'm afraid i can't write out an answer in russian, but hopefully you can find a way to do so. here's my best translation of the problem: you're given a plot of a particle's position in one-dimensional space over time, and you're asked to find either the total distance traveled by the particle after 6 seconds had elapsed, or the total displacement of the particle after 6 seconds.

if you want the total distance traveled, you would first need to determine the particle's velocity as a function of time, then integrate that over the 6-second interval. we know the position function is quadratic with roots at 0 and 6, so we have

where is unknown. because the position is parabolic, there is symmetry about the midpoint at , and we know that

so that the position function is

which means the velocity is

then the total distance traveled is

so the total distance traveled is 20 m.

on the other hand, if you want to find displacement: the particle starts at and ends at , so its displacement is 0.

3. dark matter

empty space could also be a simple vacuum