Two planets are separated by a distance of 4.5x108 m. One of the planets has a mass of 2.1x1021 kg. The force of attraction between the planets is 5x1024 N. What is the mass of the other planet? (Be careful with your algebra!)

The mass of the other planet is 7.23*10^(30) kg

Explanation:

For two objects of masses m₁ and m₂ respectively, separated by a distance r, the gravitational force between them is given by:

F = G*(m₁*m₂)/r^2

Where G = 6.67*10^(-11) m^3/(kg*s^2)

Here, we know that:

r = 4.5*10^8m

m₁ = 2.1*10^21 kg

F = 5*10^24 N

And we want to find the mass of the other planet, first, let's isolate m₂ in the force equation:

(F*r^2)/(G*m₁) = m₂

Now we can replace all the values that we know in the left side, and solve it:

m₂ =[(5*10^24 N)*( 4.5*10^8m)^2]/[6.67*10^(-11) m^3/(kg*s^2)*2.1*10^21 kg]

m₂ = 7.23*10^(30) kg

The mass of the other planet is 7.23*10^(30) kg

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