According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the force F between two bodies of constant mass m and M is given by the formula F = G m M d 2 , where G is the gravitational constant and d is the distance between the bodies. a. Suppose that are constants. Find the rate of change of force F with respect to distance d .

The dipole moment of the water molecule (h2o) is 6.17x10^-30 c.m. consider a water molecule located at the origin whose dipole moment p points in the +x-direction. a chlorine ion ( of charge-1.60x10^-19c , is located at x=3.00x10^-9m . assume that is much larger than the separation d between the charges in the dipole, so that the approximate expression for the electric field along the dipole axis can be used. a) find the magnitude of the electric force that the water molecule exerts on the chlorine ion. b) what is the direction of the electric force. -x-direction or +x-direction c) is this force attractive or repulsive?