Kate gathered three boxes of the same size made of different materials: glass, clear plastic, and aluminum painted black. She placed them on a window sill in the sun for an hour and then measured the warmth of the air in each box. In this experiment, what is the warmth of the air?

an independent variable
a constant
a dependent variable
a control

A150 w lamp emits light of wavelength 590 nm uniformly in all directions. what is the photon flux (photons per unit area per unit time) on a small screen at a distance 2.3 m from the lamp? assume the photons are uniformly distributed over the surface of a sphere of radius 2.3 m.

What are the three ways that an object can accelerate

Unpolarized light falls on two polarizer sheets whose transmission axes are at right angles. a third polarizer is placed between the first two so that its axis makes a 52-degree angle with the axis of the first polarizer. a) what fraction of the incident light intensity is transmitted through the first polaroid? b) what fraction of the incident light intensity is transmitted through the second polaroid? c) what is the angle of polarization of the light that enters the third polaroid? d) what fraction of the incident light intensity is transmitted through the third polaroid. e) what happens if the middle polaroid is removed?